Lock



March 29, 1932.

R. E. {GUYTON 1,851,306

LOCK

Filed May 14, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet l March 29, 1932. R. E. GUYTON Filed May 14, 1950 A 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 29, 1932. R. E. GUYTON 1,851,306

LOCK

Filed May 14, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 n s Reinheim-n'. Gorro Patented `Mar`. 29, 1932` PATENTAOFFICE n, or*k Los nnenrns, catwoman/assitance 0F oNELrraLF Tortino Y Rosanne; or Los ANGELES, CALIFORNIA j f f Y Loon Y .pplicatien filedVK May-14,

My invention rpertains to atypeof lock .having whatniaybe termed a stationary bar- `rei and 'a rotatable 'sleeve mounted on the barrel'gtlie sleevebeing connected to the knobs y5, of the door and being operable toactu'ate the lockingfboltfor the door. n y v In this type-of loch an object of my invention is a `'construction for locking orunlockj I Ving the iotatableisleeve in yrelation to the bar- "lG rel whereby when the sleeve is locked to the barrel it isprevented from movement and when unlocked it may bei rotated, and, in

Awhich7 whenthe sleeve is unlocked by a suitable'key constriiction used'on the outside of 'i5 thedoor, that theglock'maybe re-set on the inside without the use ofa hey andthus again securely loch ,thedoor lenclosing thereof.

. Anotherv object and eatureof my invention p is the Constructionofa lock wherein the barf@ relis provided with A*a plurality ofv longituiivdinal siotsiea'cli: carrying a sliding 'strip with a lockingand a false detent mounted on' eachstrip. The locking rdetent engage a,

head on the Vsleeve and prevent rotation of "i355 vthe Isleeve until by v'especial key" operable of the sleeve-wherebyi'thesefalse detents arepshii'ted inthe endeavor topick the lock that they willbe broughtinto; locking position with 'thehead' and prevent rotation `'of the sleeve' on the'barrel, vAnother detailed obgleet and feature of iny'invention is* cone `stri'ictin'g the llocking and false "detente and" thesliding strips on Vvvhichthey are mounted with ai lost motion (whereby a 'person en-y I cleavoring to piel f *slippage or change ieloelr cannot detect any slghtturning pressure on the-knob on the outside of f the 7door andthen endeavoring `to A ein; the iekjby ih iamg the. sliding" stripe Another-*femore offmyinvention is that the .slidingjstrips Vwith the false and looking# detente may 1. be interchanged'A 'to' `readily vchange the combination`,jand this combined A sffl'mlry barrel.A with* the rotatable of pressure rv'when exerting A i930. sriai NO fisaeos.

nation of the locky Inkk this connection `an-y f other lfeature of my invention is alocknormaly operated by alrey which, when the 'coni-` bination is ,.hiiown,l may be actuated as a `Corn-H bination locl'ry by shifting the proper` sliding stripswith their detents. Another del tailedjfeature of my invention comprises a resetting device for the sliding stripsV and the det'eiits mounted on the aXi al center of the inner door knob which when the `door is closed7 may be Lused to shift the strips so as to bringthe klockingdetents into v'engage-k ment with the head on the rotatable sleeve.

My invention isillustrated in connection with the accompanyingfdrawings inv which:y

Figi may be considered as a vertical section through a doorl illustrating the knobs in section and the'interior construction elevation; with thelocl bolt inv section.Y

Fig. 2 is a viewvsi'niilar to Fig. `.1 except being alongitudinal section through thein- `teiior parts or" position. if

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig: 2 vviththe parts iii the unlocking position.

Eig. t is a transversesection on the line oflig. 2 in the direction ofthearrows.' Fig. 51s a transverse section on the line 5 5 'i of Figf in'thedirectionyofthe arrows.

Fig; yGis atransverse sectionon 'the line n. .f 0,-6 or Fig. 2 inthe direction `of the arrows.

Fig. .7 isfan end elevation taken in the'dif Y' rection 'of the arrowof the'Fig( 2.. i

Fig. 8 is an end elevationk takenV inf-the.

. iireetioii of the arrow 8 of yFig 2.

o Fig 91s Y a ary barrel. y K K Fig/10 isa perspective yview of part of the sleeve the lock when in .theplocked` perspective View of the station- Sil thereon with parts broken away.

Figs'. ll andl are elevations' ofthe slidingstrips with the locking and false fdetents' =f- 'mounted thereon."uk 1 A.

Figs. 13 and 'le are detailed Asections throughthehead of the sleeve and barrel 'showing "the locking detente Y in the locking and liin'locliingposition,Y Y f x the key. I

Fig. 19 is a` transverse section on the line 19-19 of Fig. 3 in the direction of the arrows.

Referring first to Figs. 9 and 10 in which is illustrated the stationary barrel 1v1 which is preferably cylindrical and has a flange 12 at one end with Va reduced section 13 at the other end. There is acentral bore 14 extending axially through the barrel. The barrel has shoulders 15 at the end next the reduced section 13, and extendiner from the extreme end 16 there are a pair olf diametrically oA posite slots 17 in this reduced section.

Exten ing lengthwise of the center section 18 of the barrel andl through the flange 12 there are a lurality of slots 19, these slots extendiig su stantially as deep as the shoulders 17. the slots are arranged the saine and there may be any number of' slots in accordance with the number of locking and false detentsit is intended to use in the lock. In the illustration presented slots 19 are arranged in diametrically opposite pairs although i'tis manifest that this arrangement is' not necessary.

, Rotatably mounted on the barrel there is a cylindrical sleeve designated generally by `the numeral 20. This sleeve has an endr 21 which abuts against the flange 12 of the barrel and hasr a head 22 with an annular groove 23 back ofy the head,.thereby forming a rim 24 on the extremeend of the sleeve. This fiimV is provided with rim slots 25 extending through theV periphery of the rim 24 tothe bottom of the groove 23, and on the tace of the head there are a series of radial grooves 26. These are adapted to register with the slots 19 in the barrel. i

Fitted in the slots 19 of the barrel there are flat sliding strips 27 (note Figs. 11 and 12). lThese Strips have a narrow section 28 with ashoulder 29 and witha proj ecti'nghead 30 at the end. Fitting in this reduced section 28 of certain of the strips there'are locking detente 31. These are illustratedas having a stem 32 fitting on the reduced part 28 of the sliding strips and having a blocklike structure 33 at the end. This block-,like structure has a cutout corner indicated at 34 to (it over the, beadA 30 on the locking strip. There is a clearance space 35 to allow for lost motion between the end of the detent and the shoulder 29. 1 Asabovef mentioned, the sliding strips are all the same and preferably have the same length of reduced. section 28 with the beads 392111 of identical size. The false detents 36 (noteFig-12) have a block-like endf37 which has a hook section 38, this yhook section lhaving an opening 39 with a projecting linger 40. There is a clearance space 41 between the end of the stem of this false detent and the shoulder on the locking strip. I usually make the clearance indicated at 35 about twice the being secured by a screw 45 (note'particular-V ly Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4). This stud has a curved cam surface 46 and is adapted to fit in a `slot 47 in aV latch bolt 48, which bolt is slidable in a bore 49 in the door. There is a pin 50 which extends through the bolt 48 and 1s engaged by the compression sprin 53, which spring bears against the pin an the end 54 of the bore 49. The. doorfis provided with the usual face plate 52. The bolt has a beveled latch end 55. It will thus be seen that when the sleeve 20 on the barrel is rotated it can withdraw the latch bolt, and that this is then urged to its outward position, reversing the rotation of the sleeve 20.

This sleeve 20 is secured to the outer knob 56 by screws 57 L Such knob has a web 58 extending. across the end with a series of erforations 59 therein, there being one peroration for each of the slots in the barrel. The webalso hasacentralo en-in 60'through which extends the end` y61y oan' e ongated pin 62, v vhich pin extends through the bore, 14 of the barrel. The end 61 is illustrated as having a flattened section 63. The knob 56 abuts against the usual escutcheon 64 on the outside of thejdoor.

The pin 62l is provided with a ca e for locking. andunloc ring the lock from t e inside. This ycage is designated generally b thenumeral 65-v V(note particularly Fig. 18) and such cage has a cylindrical section 66 with an end plate 67.this end plate having an opening 68 to Afit over the reduced end 13 of the barrel 11, and on the inside of the face platethereV is ay collar 69 sliding on the reducedsectionl` This collar has a plate 70 extendingdiametrically therethrough, which plate fits in the groove v17 of this reduced section The plate'l and the collar 69 are securedfto theY in 62 by a pin or screw 71. The opposite en ,of the cage has a ring 72 atytachedto the cylindrical section 66 and adaptedte have'a-sliding fit on the outside of the sleeve 20. yAs'this cage is secured to the V`n-62v itvslides with the pin. The inside face 3 ofithevcellar 69` formsan abutment to sto the slidingfmovementof the sliding strips 217 vrandthe locking andvfalse detents. Y

The barrel is maintained from rotary and longitudinal movement bya bridging piece ,neteparticularly-Fig. 5)'. This bridging piece eneircles the reduced end 13 of the barrel and has `tongues 75 fitting in the groove '17:(noteparticularly Figs.v 2, 3, and

, There are curved'slide strips? 6 which have prongs 77 securedto the escutcheon plate 78 vonthe inside of the door. A nut 79 threaded Y The rotatable sleeve -is connected tothe inner knob 80, which knob has a skirt :81

which is attached to` arcuate Vplate* extensions r482 of-the collar 42. These extensionsxoperftatablev collar 42.- l

ate in a'rcuate slots 83 in the escutcheon plate 78 on the inside of the door and, as the collar 42 is connected to the rotatablesleeve 20, the rotation of the inner knob 80 rotates the roi bolt cannot be moved'.y Also, when the lock is This knob also functions in limiting v.the movement ofthe pin 62 and, hence, of the sliding strips 27 and the detents carried thereby.

-The constructionfor this purpose utilizes a narrow-internalfiange 84t'at the opening 85 in lthe centerofy the inner knob, there beinga recess section 86 togive a space fertile fingers to engage a pivoted dog 87, whichy dog has a pivotal vconnection 88 to the pin 62`fatthe inside'end. The dog is circular in cross sec-y tion' and has an inner groove n89 with right angular vshoulders and an outer l groove 90 with a right l'angular shoulder on: the inside and-a'lbevelr 91 0n the outside.y The outer porltion92 of this dog isy cylindrical and has a knurled surface to adord a readyfinger grip. l 'The key designated generally'by thehumeral 93 is illustrated particularly inf Figs.

sage99throughthe center of the stem 95 is shaped to'conform tothe end 61 of the pin i k95Yand surrounds the disk andalso forms an4 18 and 3, and such key comprises a disk 94 secured to a tubular stemsr95. This stem has a head 96 on its outer end and 'secured to the disk there are a plurality of pins 97 inserted in sockets 98'in the disk. These pins may be changed in location in order to change Athe combination of the lock. The key can only be inserted inA one manner inthe-lock as the pas- 62, that is, it isy partlycylindrical and has a fiat surfaceto lit on the partly cylindrical and partly fiat surface ofthe" outer end of the pin.

A cup 100 is slida'blyT mounted on the stein enclosure for the pins 97. Thisy cup ispressed toward the disk byr a compression Yspring 101 l Y coiled on the stem 95 andthe head 96 andthe cup. As the pins areinserted throughfthe perforations 59 iny the' web 58 yof the outery knobthe cup recedes from the position shownu Vin Fig.-18 to that shown in Fig. 3. c

- The 'manner of operation and functioning f vof mylock isfsubstantiallyas follows A .Presuniing the lock is in thelocked position,

the slidingstrips 27 with'the locking and false y detents' mounted` thereon, aswell asthe pin 62, aredrawnjto a position to [their furtherl'nost` position` toward the nutermostjknobsuch as is shown inFigsl and 2. When the pin l62v `is drawn' outwardly @the rdog;87, which may oscillate slightly on lits lhorizontal pivotinra vertical plane, is in4 a downward positionA sok that the narrowl internal flange. 84zof the gradial slots 26 in the rim 24^of the' head 22 onthe inner end ofthe krotatablesleeve 20.

These, therefore, lockpthis sleeve to thest'ationarybarrei so that the sleeve cannot' be rotated and, hence, any rotational pressure on either the outer orthe-inner knobwould fail to lrotate thesleeve'20 and`hence,'the latch in .this locked position the'ifalsefdetentsBG have the rhook fitting over the rim 24,-that1is,

lthisrim rides in the opening 39 andthe pro'- jecting finger 40 itsin the annularvgroove'23 in the head 22 of the'rotatablelsleeve. w- It is to lbeunderstood that', as above fmentioned, *itheremay be any desired number ofthe locking detents in'proportion to the false detents,

and that these mayfbe readily changedby iittinglthese various detents -to the di'erent slidingstrips 27r and, of course, changing the combination in the key to correspond.A v

- Vhen itis desired to unlock the lockfron :the cutside'using the key; the pins on the key esY areinserted through the `perforations in the i webr of the' outer knob and, as? above mentioned, the key can only be'inserted inone position on account of, the-passage 99 having y to register with the outer endf'offthefslidin'g pin 62. Thepins on the key engage the sliding strips 27having the locking" detents. and

the first motion isto take :upthelo'st motion space 35 before Ythese detents start to move.

At the same time, the inner end 30-of the slid ing strips 27 having the detents engages the `face 73 of the collar 69 of the cage 65which is securedr to the pin 62 and causes this toslide :slightlyinwardlyluntil the annular `right angular shoulder of the outer-groove 90 of'V the dog87 is brought forcibly against the in'-' side edge kof the narrow internalfiange y84 of inward movement of the sliding stripsj27 and the detents carried therebyf This movement efected'bythe pins on the ke'y'is sufficient vto move the blocks 33 of the locking detents 31 out ofengage'mentV with the rim slots 25 and the", radiall slots 26Kon the head24-of the rotatable sleeve, so that then this sleeve may l be rotatedby rotating theiouter knob and,

hence, the latching bolt may be withdrawn to unlock'thedoor, Y Y

`the inner knob: This formsa limit to the inyward movement of the pin 62 andi also to the `inside may person may draw this pin 62 outwardly of the lock until the right angular shoulder of the buter groove V9() engages the narrow internal x'nge 84 or until the inner groove .89 engages this iange. In the first case the locking de'- tents aredisengaged from the rim 24 of the rotatable sleeve '20 and in the latter case all of the detents lare removed sufficiently to be free of the rim 24 11nd,* hence, the sleeve 20 may be rotated either the outer or the inner knobs and the bolt withdrawn for opening the door, To lock the door from the inside it is only Anecessary to press inwardly on the 1115187, thus 'returning the pin 62r and the s1" 'ngrips 27 with their detents to the locki position. These latter are thrust inwardl'gtiy engaging the surface 7 3 of the collar 69 attached vto ythe' pin 62.

-An object `of forming the locking and the `falaefdetents separate from the sliding strips 27 and having a lost motion space 35 and 41 (note Figs. #11 and 12) is to make it extremely diicult to pick this lock for a person who does/not know the combination. If these strips 27 and the detents 4were made in onesolid piece both in the locking and the false'form andthe person on the koutside brought a rotational pressure to bear on the outer knband at the same time with a pinlike instrument thrust inwardly on thel ends of the sliding strips, a skilled lock picker could readily detect by the pressure against and the ease' with which these strips would slide which) were thel locking detents and which were the false detents, but'where there ist-he lost motion'the pressure on any of the sliding strips 27 causes a free slidingof all offthese until the lost motion space istaken up"'and, moreover, on 'account of the false and lockingV detents being separate from'the sliding strips the lateral pressure on these is' not sovnoticeable as 'if they were formed integralfwith the sliding strips. Itrwill -thus be'seen that it is diiicult for an experienced lock picker to' determine which sliding strips carry the locking and whichthe false detents;fpre'sulfning,r of course, thatysuch lock picker understandsv the full mechanism of the lock. Pr'esuming a personis endeavorl ing to pick the vloc-k, the function of the proiectingiinger 40 n the false detents 36 is that ifv the sliding strip-'carrying such yde'- tent is pressed inwardly by alpin-like implement tliis finger is brought into the' rim y fntch 25 ofthe rim 2a ofthe head of the rotatabl sleeve Yand,fhence`, in the endeavor to igssnsoe pick the lock the party sooperating brings another detent. into the locking position so that even should he thrust some of the locking detents out ofl-ocking position and some of the false detente into the locking position, e 9

the lock can still not be opened,and7it is manifest tliatwith a large number of slots in the stationary barrel the combinations which would have toibe worked out are s0 enormous in number that it is hopeless to try all the possible combinations in an endeavor to pick the lock, and. moreover., when a person endeavoringto pick the lock thruststhe sliding strips 27 inwardly with the detents carried thereby he has no way of Withdrawingthese outwardly again. e Y

lVarious changes may be made in the details 'of construction without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. I claim: v e 1. A lock having a stationary barrel and a rotatable sleeve thereon and a bolt operated by the sleeve, interlocking means slidable longitudinally of the barrel and the sleeve to lock orv unlock the sleeve relative to the vbarrel to preventorpermit rotation of the plying end to unlock or lock the sleevetof;

permit' ory to rprevent rotation thereof.

4. A lock having a stationary barrel, a rotatable `sleeve thereon with an outer-knob,

locking and' unlocking devices slidably mounted in the 'barrel and interconnecting with a sleeve to lockor unlocksaid sleeve to prevent orr permit rotation thereof, said devices beingengag'eable bya key insertable through the knob into the barrel.

' 5. A lock as claimed in claim 4, an 'inner knob having a connection to the sleeve, a releasing device slidab'le through the knob and having an inter-connection withthe lookin devices to slide said devices to unlock or loc the sleeve 'to `the barrel.

6.- A lock having a-stationary barrel with a seriesV of longitudinal slots7 a sleeve rotatable on f the barrel, sliding f strips having locking detents in some of theslots, said dtents in one position lockingthe sleeve to vthe barrel, said sleeve being adapted tov actuate a bolt on rotation,` said sliding strips being adapted'rto vbe actuatedto unlock the e sleeveby engaging said ystrips'at'the'v outer v end of the barrel- 7 A look as claimed in claim 6, other of the slot-s in the barrel having sliding strips with false detents therein, said falsedetents having means to'interlock with the sleeve when Vshifted longitudinally by a wrong vvkey or on an endeavor to pick the lock. e

8. A look havinga barrel with a plurality of longitudinal slots,fmeans to secure said barrel in a stationary position with'referenoe to a door,a sleeve rotatable on vthe barrel andr having a head, said sleeve being adapted to actuate a bolt, a pluralityofsliding strips mounted in the slots, some having a locking detent and others a false kdetentthereon, the lookingk detents engaging the said head Jcolock the sleeve to l*the barrel," and being operable by a proper key to unlock the sleeve from the barrel, and the said alsfe rdetents being adapted on shifting longitudinally inwardly to engage the said head to lock the barrelin the sleeve. y

9. A lock as claimed in claim 8 having a knob on the insideconnected to the sleeve to rotate same and a pivoted dog to engage part of the said knob, said dog being slidable in relation to the barrel and having` a connection to slide the said detents and the sliding strips to unlock or to look the sleeve to the barrel.

10. A lock having-a barrel with a plurality Vof longitudinal slots, central means to secure said barrel in a stationary position in reference to avdoor, a sleeve rotatable on the barrel barrel is mountedfto retain the barrel stationary, a sleeve rotatable on the barrel and having a head, said sleeve being adapted'to aotuate abolt, an outer and aninner knob,

operatively connected to the sleeve, the said slots each having a slidable strip, some with a locking detent and others with a false detent, the locking detents inter-connecting with the said head when in the locking position to lock t-hey sleeve to the barrel, the inner knob having a central opening, the

barrel having a central bore with ay pin` extending longitudinally therethrough, a dog pivotally connected to the pin and passing through the opening in the inner knob,a

cage on the pin having means to inter-connect y Withthe detents to slide said detents into unlocking position, a long, reverse movement to return the detents to a locking position, the Y and having outer and inner knobs connected' to the sleeve torotate same, the sleeve being adapted tooperate a bolt,-a plurality of slidmg strips in the slots, some having locking and others having false detents, the vsleeve having 4a head `thereony with grooves, said grooves being engaged by the locking detents when in the lockingr position;r the strips and thelocking detents being adapted for longitudinal movement toward' the inner knob when actuated by a proper key inserted Y through the outer lmob, the said strips having the false detents remaining stationary y when a proper key is applied but-being shifted inwardly on the application of an incorrect key or on an attempt to pick the lock by thrusting said latter strips inwardly, the false detents having means to engage the slots in the said head and thereby lock the sleeve to the barrel.

11. A lock as claimed in claim 10, the barrel having a longitudinal" bore with a pin slidabletherein, a cage structure'connected a central opening, a dog pivotally mounted on the inner end of the pin adapted to interengage with the inner knob at the said opening, and the dog interconnecting with the f knob forming a limit to themovement of the detents.

12. A look having a barrel with aplurality signed my 

